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Wilton is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire. The population was 3,743 at the 2000 census. Like many small New England towns it grew up around water-powered textile mills, but is now a rural bedroom community with some manufacturing and service employment. The compact town center, where over 33% of the population resides, is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as the Wilton census-designated place and is located near the junction of New Hampshire Routes 31 and 101, at the confluence of Stony Brook with the Souhegan River.

The town was first part of a township chartered as "Salem-Canada" in 1735 by Colonial Governor Jonathan Belcher of Massachusetts, which then held authority over New Hampshire. It was granted to soldiers from Salem, Massachusetts who had served in 1690 under Sir William Phips in the war against Canada. "Salem-Canada" was one of the towns on the state's borders intended to provide protection against Indian attack.

It would be regranted in 1749 by Governor Benning Wentworth as "Number Two", before being incorporated in 1762 as "Wilton". It was either named for Wilton, England, or for Sir Joseph Wilton, a famous English sculptor. Sir Wilton's coach design for King George III's coronation was later used as a model for the Concord coach.

The Souhegan River originally provided water power for mills. Today, Wilton is a rural town with orchards, farms and woodlands.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 25.9 square miles, of which 25.8 sq mi is land and 0.1 sq mi (0.35%) is water. Wilton is drained by the Souhegan River, and Stony and Blood brooks. The town's highest point is 1,140 feet (350 m) above sea level, where the east slope of Fisk Hill touches the town's western border.

The town center has a total area of 1.9 square miles.

Nearest city with pop. 50,000+: Nashua, NH  (18.6 miles, pop. 86,605).

Nearest city with pop. 200,000+: Boston, MA  (57.2 miles, pop. 589,141).

Nearest city with pop. 1,000,000+: Bronx, NY (201.6 miles, pop. 1,332,650).

Nearest cities: Lyndeborough, NH (4.5 miles), Milford, NH (4.7 miles), Mont Vernon, NH (5.4 miles), Greenville, NH (7.1 miles), Mason, NH (7.2 miles), Greenville, NH (7.4 miles), Temple, NH (8.1 miles).

Hospitals/medical centers near Wilton:

• SOUTHERN NH MEDICAL CENTER (about 10 miles; NASHUA, NH)
• ST JOSEPH HOSPITAL (about 10 miles; NASHUA, NH)
• MONADNOCK COMMUNITY HOSPITAL (about 16 miles; PETERBOROUGH, NH)

Airports certified for carrier operations nearest to Wilton:

• MANCHESTER (about 22 miles; MANCHESTER, NH; ID: MHT)
• LAURENCE G HANSCOM FLD (about 41 miles; BEDFORD, MA; ID: BED)
• WORCESTER REGIONAL (about 41 miles; WORCESTER, MA; ID: ORH)

Other public-use airports nearest to Wilton:

• BOIRE FIELD (about 18 miles; NASHUA, NH; ID: ASH)
• HAWTHORNE-FEATHER AIRPARK (about 19 miles; HILLSBORO, NH; ID: 8B1)
• JAFFREY AIRPORT-SILVER RANCH (about 19 miles; JAFFREY, NH; ID: AFN)

Colleges/universities with over 2000 students nearest to Wilton:

• FITCHBURG STATE COLLEGE (about 19 miles; FITCHBURG, MA; Full-time enrollment: 3,660)
• NEW HAMPSHIRE COLLEGE (about 25 miles; MANCHESTER, NH; FT enrollment: 3,251)
• MOUNT WACHUSETT COMMUNITY COLLEGE (about 26 miles; GARDNER, MA; FT enrollment: 2,023)
• UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS-LOWELL (about 31 miles; LOWELL, MA; FT enrollment: 8,373)
• MIDDLESEX COMMUNITY COLLEGE (about 34 miles; BEDFORD, MA; FT enrollment: 4,501)
• BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY (about 34 miles; WALTHAM, MA; FT enrollment: 4,444)
• KEENE STATE COLLEGE (about 36 miles; KEENE, NH; FT enrollment: 4,049)

Public high schools in Wilton:

• Wilton-Lyndeboro Senior High School (Students: 252; Location: 57 School Rd.; Grades: 9-12 SpEd)
• High Mowing School (Location: 222 Isaac Frye Highway; Grades: 9-12)

Private high school in Wilton:

• HIGH MOWING SCHOOL (Students: 103; Location: P O BOX 850 ABBOT HILL ROAD; Grades: 9 - 12)

Public elementary/middle schools in Wilton:

• Florence Rideout Elementary School (Students: 303; Location: PO Box 430; Grades: K 1-6 SpEd)
• Wilton-Lyndeboro Middle School (Students: 134; Location: 57 School Rd.; Grades: 7-8 SpEd)
• Whiting Hill School (Location: 21 Whiting Hill Rd.; Grades: K 1-6)
• Pine Hill Waldorf School (Location: 77 Pine Hill Dr.; Grades: K 1-8)

Private elementary/middle schools in Wilton:

• PINE HILL WALDORF SCHOOL (Students: 236; Location: PO BOX 668 ABBOT HILL RD; Grades: KG - 8)
• THE GREELEY SCHOOL (Students: 16; Location: 126 TEMPLE ROAD; Grades: PK - KG)

Library in Wilton:

• WILTON PUBLIC & GREGG FREE LIBRARY (Operating income: $165,632; Location: 7 FOREST ROAD; 21,863 books; 600 audio materials; 325 video materials; 70 serial subscriptions)